Table 3

Adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% CI for any chronic disease and multimorbidity ≥2 and ≥3, according to sociodemographic and health variables based on hierarchical Poisson regression; Manaus metropolitan region, Brazil, 2015 (n=4 001)

VariableAny chronic disease PR (95% CI)P valuesMultimorbidity PR (95% CI)
≥2P values≥3P values
Demographic block*
Sex
 Male1.001.001.00
 Female1.19 (1.12 to 1.25)<0.0011.66 (1.50 to 1.83)<0.0012.19 (1.88 to 2.56)<0.001
Age group (years)
 18–241.001.00
 25–341.33 (1.19 to 1.48)<0.0011.81 (1.42 to 2.30)<0.0011.88 (1.24 to 2.84)0.003
 35–441.63 (1.47 to 1.81)<0.0012.85 (2.26 to 3.60)<0.0013.40 (2.28 to 5.06)<0.001
 45–591.91 (1.72 to 2.12)<0.0014.36 (3.48 to 5.46)<0.0017.62 (5.22 to 11.10)<0.001
 ≥602.32 (2.08 to 2.57)<0.0015.68 (4.51 to 7.15)<0.00112.03 (8.20 to 17.66)<0.001
Marital status
 Single1.001.001.00
 Married1.09 (0.96 to 1.07)0.5211.20 (1.07 to 1.33)0.0011.21 (1.03 to 1.42)0.017
 Separated/divorced1.00 (0.91 to 1.10)0.9611.24 (1.06 to 1.45)0.0060.93 (0.72 to 1.21)0.620
 Widower0.96 (0.87 to 1.06)0.4751.18 (1.01 to 1.38)0.0320.99 (0.77 to 1.26)0.962
Skin colour
 White/yellow1.001.001.00
 Black/brown/Indigenous1.10 (1.02 to 1.18)0.0061.04 (0.93 to 1.16)0.4740.89 (0.75 to 1.05)0.175
Socioeconomic block†
Education
 High education or above1.001.001.00
 High school1.00 (0.87 to 1.14)0.9760.89 (0.71 to 1.12)0.3570.73 (0.50 to 1.05)0.091
 Middle school0.98 (0.84 to 1.13)0.7540.81 (0.63 to 1.06)0.1350.80 (0.53 to 1.20)0.289
 Elementary school or less1.12 (0.98 to 1.29)0.1061.01 (0.80 to 1.28)0.8771.08 (0.75 to 1.55)0.667
Economic classification
 A–B1.001.001.00
 C1.04 (0.96 to 1.13)0.3611.01 (0.87 to 1.17)0.8811.05 (0.83 to 1.33)0.656
 D–E1.06 (0.97 to 1.16)0.2071.15 (0.98 to 1.36)0.0751.15 (0.89 to 1.49)0.254
Occupation
 Formal job1.001.001.00
 Informal job0.95 (0.87 to 1.03)0.2230.97 (0.83 to 1.13)0.7280.98 (0.76 to 1.28)0.929
 Retired0.95 (0.86 to 1.06)0.3631.11 (0.92 to 1.32)0.2581.39 (1.02 to 1.88)0.033
 Student/housewife0.96 (0.87 to 1.05)0.3310.97 (0.83 to 1.14)0.7671.05 (0.81 to 1.36)0.671
 Unemployed1.09 (0.99 to 1.20)0.0810.99 (0.81 to 1.20)0.9491.13 (0.83 to 1.54)0.404
Health block‡
Private health insurance
 No1.001.001.00
 Yes0.99 (0.91 to 1.07)0.9131.03 (0.90 to 1.18)0.5931.04 (0.84 to 1.28)0.771
Health status
 Very good1.001.001.00
 Good1.43 (1.24 to 1.64)<0.0011.63 (1.23 to 2.15)<0.0011.81 (1.09 to 2.99)0.020
 Fair1.94 (1.69 to 2.23)<0.0012.84 (2.15 to 3.76)<0.0014.21 (2.56 to 6.93)<0.001
 Bad2.01 (1.80 to 2.41)<0.0013.53 (2.64 to 4.71)<0.0016.25 (3.74 to 10.47)<0.001
 Very bad1.91 (1.60 to 2.27)<0.0013.70 (2.73 to 5.00)<0.0017.89 (4.71 to 13.23)<0.001
Health reference§
 No1.001.001.00
 Yes1.12 (1.06 to 1.19)<0.0011.33 (1.19 to 1.47)<0.0011.40 (1.20 to 1.63)<0.001
Physician visit
 No1.001.001.00
 Yes1.13 (1.05 to 1.22)<0.0011.22 (1.07 to 1.40)0.0021.33 (1.09 to 1.64)0.005
Hospitalisation
 No1.001.001.00
 Yes1.18 (1.09 to 1.27)<0.0011.36 (1.20 to 1.54)<0.0011.43 (1.17 to 1.74)<0.001
Dengue
 No1.001.001.00
 Yes1.07 (0.99 to 1.16)0.0791.23 (1.08 to 1.41)0.0011.36 (1.13 to 1.64)0.001
Malaria
 No1.001.001.00
 Yes0.98 (0.82 to 1.01)0.1090.96 (0.81 to 1.13)0.6530.99 (0.78 to 1.26)0.947
Type of service
 Primary1.001.001.00
 Secondary1.02 (0.95 to 1.09)0.5181.07 (0.95 to 1.22)0.2651.15 (0.95 to 1.40)0.129
 Tertiary0.95 (0.89 to 1.00)0.0861.01 (0.92 to 1.12)0.7801.05 (0.90 to 1.25)0.489
 Outros0.92 (0.82 to 1.03)0.1800.97 (0.80 to 1.17)0.7231.13 (0.85 to 1.51)0.374
  • Significant variables kept in each block of analysis:

  • Any chronic disease: *sex, age, marital status and race; †sex, age, marital status, education, income, occupation; ‡sex, age, marital status, income, occupation, private health insurance, health status, health reference, medical consultation in last 12 months, hospital admission in last 12 months, dengue, malaria and type of health service that usually comes.

  • ≥2 morbidities: *sex, age, marital status and race; †sex, age, marital status, education, income, occupation; ‡sex, age, marital status, income, occupation, private health insurance, health status, health reference, medical consultation in last 12 months, hospital admission in last 12 months, dengue, malaria and type of health service that usually comes.

  • ≥3 morbidities: *sex, age, marital status and race; †sex, age, marital status, education, income, occupation; ‡sex, age, marital status, income, occupation, private health insurance, health status, health reference, medical consultation in last 12 months, hospital admission in last 12 months, dengue, malaria and type of health service that usually comes.

  • §Seeking the same healthcare service when in need of attendance.