Distribution of household and women characteristics in controls and differences with treatment group
| Analysis sample | |||
| Control group (mean or proportion) | Difference: treatment−control | p values | |
| Household characteristics | |||
| Number of members† | 5.621 | 0.114 | 0.875 |
| Number of sleeping rooms† | 2.036 | 0.232 | 0.034** |
| Household has electricity?‡ | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.827 |
| Household has radio?‡ | 65.1% | 0.4% | 0.897 |
| Household has bicycle?‡ | 49.9% | 1.9% | 0.699 |
| Household has motorbike?‡ | 0.8% | −0.1% | 0.879 |
| Household has paraffin lamp?‡ | 93.9% | 1.7% | 0.815 |
| Household has oxcart?‡ | 5.1% | −1.9% | 0.198 |
| Agricultural household‡ | 100% | −0.2% | 0.422 |
| Main flooring material: dirt, sand or dung‡ | 92.4% | −1.7% | 0.565 |
| Main roofing material: natural material‡ | 87.6% | −1.7% | 0.697 |
| Piped water‡ | 1.5% | 2.2% | 0.494 |
| Traditional pit toilet‡ | 78.3% | 4.4% | 0.356 |
| Wealth index† | −0.087 | 0.034 | 0.897 |
| Woman characteristics | |||
| Married‡ | 71.8% | −4.9% | 0.046** |
| Completed primary education‡ | 70.9% | 2.8% | 0.529 |
| Completed secondary education‡ | 7.6% | −2.2% | 0.268 |
| Age† | 24.592 | −0.993 | 0.026** |
| Chewa‡ | 95.4% | −3.9% | 0.452 |
| Christian‡ | 98.3% | 0.5% | 0.609 |
| Farmer‡ | 70.9% | −4.5% | 0.316 |
| Student‡ | 16.4% | 2.3% | 0.380 |
| Small business owner‡ | 4.0% | 2.1% | 0.356 |
| N | 411 | 475 | |
Household and mother level characteristics in 2004 corresponding to married main respondent mothers present in the second follow-up survey with children born after the intervention began in July 2005.
*p<0.1, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01. P values are calculated using the wild cluster bootstrap t procedure described by Cameron et al.37
†Continuous variable, for which the mean is reported.
‡ Binary variable, for which proportions are reported.