Association of baseline only elevated depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥4) with mortality outcomes
| Overall N=29 491 | Self-reported general health as ‘excellent or very good’, n=13 711 | Self-reported general health as ‘poor, fair or good’, n=15780 | |
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
| All-cause mortality | 4581 | 1392 | 3189 |
| Crude | 1.54 (1.42 to 1.68) | 1.91 (1.59 to 2.31) | 1.18 (1.07 to 1.30) |
| Model 1* | 1.57 (1.44 to 1.72) | 1.76 (1.45 to 2.12) | 1.34 (1.21 to 1.47) |
| Model 2† | 1.32 (1.25 to 1.49) | 1.61 (1.33 to 1.96) | 1.22 (1.11 to 1.35) |
| Model 3‡ | 1.32 (1.27 to 1.44) | 1.56 (1.29 to 1.90) | 1.20 (1.09 to 1.32) |
| Model 4§ | 1.18 (1.07 to 1.29) | 1.53 (1.25 to 1.88) | 1.09 (0.98 to 1.20) |
| Model 4 + baseline CES-D × self-reported health | P value for the interaction term—0.002 | ||