Table 3

Multivariate analysis results for factors significantly associated with low immunisation coverage of children aged 12–59 months in Indonesia

CharacteristicsAdjusted OR (95% CI)p Value
External environment
Geographic region
 Sumatera1.51 (1.24 to 1.83)0.000
 Java1
 Bali and Nusa Tenggara0.71 (0.54 to 0.94)0.016
 Maluku and Papua1.94 (1.42 to 2.64)0.000
Place of residence
 Urban1
 Rural0.82 (0.69 to 0.96)0.013
Predisposing characteristics
Child’s age (months)
 12–231
 24–351.24 (1.08 to 1.42)0.002
 36–471.39 (1.20 to 1.60)0.000
 48–591.36 (1.17 to 1.58)0.000
Child’s birth order
 1st1
 2nd–4th1.18 (1.03 to 1.35)0.016
 ≥5th1.68 (1.28 to 2.19)0.000
Family size (number of household members)
 ≤41
 ≥101.47 (1.11 to 1.93)0.006
Mother’s educational level
 Higher1
 No education2.13 (1.22 to 3.72)0.008
Father’s occupation
 Professional1
 Clerical, services and sales0.82 (0.67 to 1.00)0.047
Enabling resources
Household wealth index
 Richest1
 Poorer1.30 (1.06 to 1.59)0.011
 Poorest1.58 (1.26 to 1.99)0.000
Covered by health insurance
 Yes1
 No1.16 (1.04 to 1.30)0.010
Antenatal care
 Received some care1
 Received no care3.28 (2.09 to 5.15)0.000
Postnatal care
 Received some care1
 Received no care1.50 (1.34 to 1.69)0.000
Child’s place of delivery
 Home1
 Public health institution0.55 (0.47 to 0.64)0.000
 Private health institution0.62 (0.54 to 0.72)0.000
Maternal healthcare decision-making
 By herself1
 Jointly with husband0.86 (0.76 to 0.96)0.010