Multivariable regression of plant-based diet pattern (as a continuous measure) and birth weight stratified by ethnicity: white European and South Asians
| Variables | White Europeans | South Asians | ||
| β | P value | β | P value | |
| Intercept | −4723.7 | <0.001 | −4248.1 | <0.001 |
| Prepregnancy weight (kg) | 5.1 | <0.001 | 5.3 | <0.001 |
| Maternal height (cm) | 9.3 | <0.001 | 6.0 | 0.01 |
| Parity (number of children) | 73.8 | <0.001 | 43.5 | 0.01 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 159.3 | <0.001 | 155.6 | <0.001 |
| Smoking status | −37.6 | 0.002 | ns | ns |
| Infant sex (female=1) | −127.7 | <0.001 | −98.3 | <0.001 |
| Plant-based (continuous) | −65.9 | <0.001 | 40.5 | 0.01 |
White European r2=0.246, South Asian r2=0.178. The same covariates were included for each ethnic-specific model, but non-significant covariates (eg, ‘smoking’ in South Asians) were removed in the final model (denoted as ‘ns’). Smoking status was coded as follows: 0=never smoked, 1=quit smoking prepregnancy, 2=quit smoking during pregnancy or 3=currently smoking. Parity was reported as having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 (or more) children. White Europeans (n=2367) and South Asians (n=884).