Crude and adjusted OR and 95% CIs for psychological distress (GHQ-12 scoring ≥3) by employment status in 23 708 men and 27 410 women with data available for all covariates, stratified by migration status and reason for immigration: the Stockholm County public health surveys, 2002, 2006 and 2010
| Employment status | Swedish-born | Non-refugees | Refugees | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n=20 162) | Women (n=23 282) | Men (n=1704) | Women (n=2351) | Men (n=1842) | Women (n=1777) | |
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Crude | ||||||
| Permanently/self-employed (REF) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Temporarily employed | 1.70 (1.46 to 1.97) | 1.55 (1.40 to 1.71) | 1.64 (1.01 to 2.65) | 1.54 (1.11 to 2.15) | 1.75 (1.25 to 2.47) | 1.85 (1.40 to 2.45) |
| Unemployed | 3.64 (2.97 to 4.45) | 2.89 (2.42 to 3.45) | 3.90 (2.29 to 6.63) | 3.36 (2.08 to 5.41) | 3.52 (2.42 to 5.13) | 2.18 (1.47 to 3.25) |
| Model 1* | ||||||
| Temporarily employed | 1.35 (1.15 to 1.58) | 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) | 1.30 (0.79 to 2.13) | 1.35 (0.96 to 1.90) | 1.69 (1.19 to 2.38) | 1.65 (1.24 to 2.19) |
| Unemployed | 3.43 (2.80 to 4.21) | 2.63 (2.20 to 3.13) | 3.92 (2.29 to 6.71) | 3.19 (1.96 to 5.18) | 3.55 (2.44 to 5.18) | 2.13 (1.43 to 3.18) |
| Model 2† | ||||||
| Temporarily employed | 1.35 (1.16 to 1.58) | 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) | 1.30 (0.79 to 2.13) | 1.35 (0.96 to 1.90) | 1.69 (1.19 to 2.39) | 1.68 (1.25 to 2.22) |
| Unemployed | 3.55 (2.90 to 4.36) | 2.67 (2.24 to 3.18) | 3.92 (2.29 to 6.69) | 3.20 (1.97 to 5.20) | 3.65 (2.50 to 5.33) | 2.11 (1.42 to 3.13) |
| Model 3‡ | ||||||
| Temporarily employed | 1.35 (1.15 to 1.59) | 1.17 (1.05 to 1.31) | 1.30 (0.78 to 2.18) | 1.35 (0.96 to 1.92) | 1.74 (1.21 to 2.48) | 1.65 (1.23 to 2.22) |
| Unemployed | 3.54 (2.87 to 4.37) | 2.65 (2.22 to 3.18) | 3.88 (2.26 to 6.65) | 3.46 (2.11 to 5.69) | 3.78 (2.57 to 5.56) | 2.14 (1.44 to 3.20) |
All models are weighted for non-response and sampling methods.
*Model 1: adjusted for age.
†Model 2: additionally adjusted for attained education.
‡Model 3: additionally adjusted for socioeconomic position, disposable family income and survey year.
GHQ, the General Health Questionnaire; REF, reference group.