Table 2

Quality assessment of included studies

Study	Patient selection: Consecutive or random sample	Patient selection: avoid case–control/avoid artificially inflated base rate	Patient selection: avoided inappropriate exclusions	Patient selection: appropriately excludes those known to be depressed	Patient selection: overall risk of bias	Index test: Whooley interpreted blind to reference test	Index test: if translated, appropriate translation	Index test: overall risk of bias
Adachi et al38	✓	✓	?	?	Unclear	?	✓	Unclear
Arroll et al17	?	✓	✓	✓	Unclear	✓	NA	Low
Arroll et al14	✓	✓	✓	✓	Low	✓	NA	Low
Gjerdingen et al37	✓	✓	×	?	High	✓	NA	Low
Mann et al36	✓	✓	?	?	Unclear	✓	NA	Low
McManus et al39	✓	✓	×	?	High	?	NA	Unclear
Mohd Sidik et al (2011)	✓	✓	✓	✓	Low	✓	✓	Unclear
Robison et al40	?	✓	✓	?	Unclear	×	✓	High
Suija et al41	✓	✓	✓	×	High	✓	?	Unclear
Whooley et al12	?	✓	✓	?	Unclear	✓	NA	Low

Study	Reference test: Reference test correctly classifies target condition	Reference test: Reference test interpreted blind to Whooley	Reference test: If translated, appropriate translation	Reference test: If translated, psychometric properties reported	Reference test: Overall risk of bias	Flow/timing: Interval of two weeks or less	Flow/timing: All participants receive same reference test	Flow/timing: All participants included in analysis?	Flow/timing: Overall risk of bias
Adachi et al38	✓	?	✓	?	Unclear	?	✓	✓	Unclear
Arroll et al17	✓	✓	NA	NA	Low	?	✓	✓	Unclear
Arroll et al14	?	✓	NA	NA	Unclear	?	✓	?	Unclear
Gjerdingen et al37	✓	?	NA	NA	Unclear	✓	✓	×	High
Mann et al36	✓	✓	NA	NA	Low	✓	✓	×	High
McManus et al39	?	?	NA	NA	Unclear	?	✓	✓	Unclear
Mohd Sidik et al (2011)	✓	✓	✓	?	Unclear	✓	✓	✓	Low
Robison et al40	×	×	✓	?	High	?	✓	×	High
Suija et al41	✓	✓	?	?	Unclear	✓	✓	✓	Low
Whooley et al12	✓	?	NA	NA	Unclear	✓	✓	✓	Low

✓, criterion met; ×, criterion not met; ?, insufficient information to code whether criterion met; NA, not applicable.